Essay on American Express Case Study - Amex - 1936 Words

American express case study American Express Case Study Research Papers, Essays, and Term Papers 1-800-351-0222 or 310-313-1265 Or Order On-Line! American Express Case Study Term Paper ID:27345 Get This Paper Free!or Buy This Paper Essay Subject: Analyzes the successful management changes instituted at American Express in the 1980s by CEO Lou Gerstner.... Pages / 1800 Words 1 sources, 3 Citations, APA Format rating 32.00 More Papers on This Topic Paper Abstract: Analyzes the successful management changes instituted at American Express in the 1980s by CEO Lou Gerstner. Paper Introduction: American Express Case Study Description Much of the success of American Express during the mid1980s was attributed to the entrepreneurial management†¦show more content†¦By the mid-198 s, however, there was thenew challenge of maintaining this rate of growth, and the entrepreneurialspirit. Ultimately, this leads to stagnation, andto limits on flexibility and creativity. During the early and mid-198 s, TRS wasable to achieve, and surpass, its financial goals, primarily by emphasizingits entrepreneurial spirit and constantly generating new products, services, and marketing efforts. In particular, Beth, Terri, and Jerry indicated that they were encouraged to come up with ideas, allowed to pursue those ideas with little constraint, and rewarded forsuccess by being given even more leeway. Entrepreneurship, creativity, and organization. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall. Kao (1989) indicated that the entrepreneurial spirit could be carriedin the established organization depending upon leadership and structure. He talked about a number of different models for maintaining a smaller feelwithin the larger organization, as in creating self-contained work groupsor divisions. This is the task that the American ExpressCompany faced and that Lou Gerstner sought to address in his balancing ofthe traditional and entrepreneurial cultures. As Kao(1989) noted, that slack seems to be essential, providing people with someroom to create without too many rules or structures constricting theircreative activity. That seems to be quite a creative group, and the people within it are encouraged to come up withShow MoreRelatedEffective Business Communication4674 Words   |  19 PagesResearch Study on Effective Business Communication At American Express Financial Centre TABLE OF TABLE Table 1: Recruitment Methods 13 Table 2: Forms of written communication 15 Table 3: Formal Meetings 15 Table 4: External Communications 16 Table 5: Informal channels of communication 21 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENT 4 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 5 INTRODUCTION TO BUSINESS COMMUNICATION 6 LITERATURE REVIEW 6 PROBLEM OF STUDY 7 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY 7 KEY TERMS 8 BRIEF OUTLINERead MoreIntroduction to Organization Study7959 Words   |  32 Pagesthecodexpert.com INTRODUCTION TO ORGANIZATION STUDY Introduction This is an overall study of the organization of American Express Bank Ltd. where it’s working environment and various policies and practice are studied. Objectives: The study has undertaken to get an exposure of actual working environment in an organization. The main objective of the study is to familiarize with the frame work and method of organization working. ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · To know how AMEX works and method adopted. To know the employeeRead MoreThe Marketing Strategy For Getting Peoples Attention Online1047 Words   |  5 Pagescontent and share it around, then you are definitely going to get customers coming to you. There are three companies- beloved of many- that have totally revolutionized content marketing in the past few years. These are Mint.com, Hubspot and American Express (you know you love those black cards). These three companies have made the most of content marketing in all possible ways from blogging to tweeting. They have also used link building which, as you probably know by now, is like diamonds andRead MoreKnowledge Management, Social Networks and Innovation3506 Words   |  15 Pagesfrom your document within this file. Content Introduction 3 Literature review 3 Knowledge management 4 The development of social network and social media 5 The process of innovation and knowledge transmission in the organization 7 Case of American Express 9 Analysis and Discussion 11 Conclusion 13 References 14 Introduction We know that the innovation is the power to push the development of our society, andRead MoreA Report On Design And Implementation Of Data Models9374 Words   |  38 PagesA Report on ‘Design and Implementation of Data Models’ At American Express India Pvt. Ltd. Submitted by Alok Deshpande PRN: 14030241140 MBA (IT Business Management) (2014-2016) Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology (A constituent member of Symbiosis International University (SIU), estd., under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 by Notification No. F.9-12/2001-U-3 of Govt. of India) Year of submission 2015 Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology A constituent member of SymbiosisRead MoreThe Summer Training Project At American Express India Pvt. Ltd.9408 Words   |  38 Pages Acknowledgement It is my great pleasure to present my work on the summer training project at American Express India Pvt. Ltd. It has been a truly wonderful and enriching experience to be associated with the organization. I would like to take this opportunity to thank my guide and mentor Mr. Ravi Mishra, Lead Data Architect, American Express for his valuable guidance during the internship tenure. Thank you for showing patience with me and always encouraging me to learn throughout the course ofRead MoreAmerican Express : A Global Service Company7002 Words   |  29 PagesAmerican Express is a global service company, providing customers with access to products, insights and experiences that enrich lives and build business success. A leader in global payments, American Express is the largest card issuer by purchase volume and operates a worldwide network that processes millions of merchant transactions daily. It offers the broadest array of payment, expense management and travel solutions for consumers, small businesses, midsize companies and large corporations. AmericanRead MoreWeb Service : Database Objects Implementation9901 Words   |  40 PagesA Report on ‘PeopleProfile Web Service – Database objects implementation’ At American Express India Pvt. Ltd. Submitted by Priya Venkatraman PRN: 14030241027 MBA (IT Business Management) (2014-2016) Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology (A constituent member of Symbiosis International University (SIU), est., under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956 by Notification No. F.9-12/2001-U-3 of Govt. of India) Year of submission 2015 Symbiosis Centre for Information Technology A constituentRead MoreAnalysis of Klaus Fuchs Espionage Case2211 Words   |  9 PagesKlaus Fuchs Introduction Klaus Fuchs espionage case is one of the most intriguing in all of history, considering that it is the first major espionage case involving information concerning atomic bombs. One of the things that make this particular case distinguishable from others is the fact that Fuchs operated as a spy consequent to the Second World War. It is only safe to say that he played an active role in making the Cold War happen. Fuchs was a theoretical physicist and his ingenuity madeRead MoreEssay about Emotional Intelligence in the Workplace: Case Study4927 Words   |  20 Pagesthat it could become just another fad. From: Issue 35| June 2000 | Page 296 By: Tony Schwartz Illustrations by: Cynthia Von Buhler Appreciation, apprehension, defensiveness, inadequacy, intimidation, resentment. Twenty midlevel executives at American Express Financial Advisors are gathered in a room at a conference center outside Minneapolis. Each has been asked to try to convey a specific emotion -- by reading a particular statement aloud. The challenge for listeners is to figure out which emotion

Andrew Johnson The 17th President of the United States...

Andrew Johnson Andrew Johnson was a self-taught Democrat from Raleigh, North Carolina. He spent his entire life in politics. Before becoming the Seventeenth president of the United States of America he was in the Tennessee legislature and a member of the U.S Congress. He was also the Governor of Tennessee and was Vice President behind Abraham Lincoln. He was the first president to be impeached. Andrew Johnson was born on December 2, 1808 in a log cabin in Raleigh North Carolina. His dad was Jacob Johnson; unfortunately he died when Andrew Johnson was only three years old. His mother, Mary â€Å"Polly† McDonough was a constable of Raleigh North Carolina in 1801. When he was fourteen years old his brother William and himself apprenticed under†¦show more content†¦This party called Johnson â€Å"the vilest radical and most unscrupulous demagogue in the Union†. After winning his election and becoming Senator he presented the Homestead Act. This act gave one hundred and sixty acres of land to any applicant who was the bread winner of the house. This act was planned to help out poor farmers. He bill was passed by both houses but unfortunately vetoed by the president, James Buchanan. After Lincoln moved in as president the bill was immediately put on his agenda and passed on May 20, 1862. On April 14, 1865 Abraham Lincoln was assassinated at Ford’s theater by John Wilkes booth. Only three hours later Johnson was made the 17th president of the United States of America. With Lincoln gone and Congress in recess Johnson practically full rain over the government. Johnson had to pick up were Lincoln left of in the reconstruction of the south. Since he was from Tennessee he was way more lenient to the southerners when making the reconstruction plan. He granted pardons to anyone that came to the white house. When Congress came back they were completely outraged in how lenient Johnson was to the southerners. Since Johnson was a southerner he did not have strong beliefs in rights for African Americans Congress passed many acts protecting the rights of the now freedmen, these acts where the Freedmen’s Bureau Bill, the Civil Rights Act, and the 14th amendment. All of these laws gave all African Americans the rights they neededShow MoreRelatedEssay about Andrew Johnson the 17th President1479 Words   |  6 PagesBackground Andrew Johnson, the 17th president, was born in Raleigh, North Carolina on December 29th, 1808. At the young age of three years old, Andrews father. Jacob Johnson passed away while drowning in an attempt to save the life of Editor Henderson from the Raleigh Gazette in 1812. Andrews mother, Mary Johnson, worked hard as a seamstress and washerwoman in order to support Andrew and his three brothers, and her; but she was unable to afford to send them to school. From the age of 14 untilRead MoreEssay about Andrew Johnson1448 Words   |  6 Pages Background nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Andrew Johnson, the 17th president, was born in Raleigh, North Carolina on December 29th, 1808. At the young age of three years old, Andrew’s father. Jacob Johnson passed away while drowning in an attempt to save the life of Editor Henderson from the Raleigh Gazette in 1812. Andrew’s mother, Mary Johnson, worked hard as a seamstress and washerwoman in order to support Andrew and his three brothers, and her; but she was unable to afford to send them to schoolRead MoreThe Impeachment of Andrew Johnson Essay874 Words   |  4 PagesThe Impeachment of Andrew Johnson Impeachment, in the United States and Great Britain proceeding by a legislature for the removal of office of a public official charged with misconduct in office. Impeachment compromises both the act of formulating the accusation and the resulting trial of charges; it is frequently but mistakenly taken to mean removal from office of an accused official. An impeachment trial may result in an acquittal or in a verdict of guilty. TheRead MoreReconstruction Failure Essay1600 Words   |  7 PagesThe Reconstruction period is the name given to the time in between 1863 and 1877. This period’s main goal was to reunite the United States of America after the most substantial event of disunity in American existence: The Civil War. Reconstruction consisted of many proposed plans and attempts to reinstate the Southern states back into the union. In the early stages, there was some promise as to what reconstruction had the ability to accomplish, because some political groups had the right ideas aboutRead MoreChapter 22 Apush Key Terms1694 Words   |  7 PagesMarcus Pando Period 4 Chapter 22 Key Terms Describe and state the historical significance of the following: 7. Freedmens Bureau Initiated by President Abraham Lincoln and was intended to last for one year after the end of the Civil War. At the end of the war, the Bureaus main role was providing emergency food, housing, and medical aid to refugees, though it also helped reunite families. Later, it focused its work on helping the freedmen adjust to their conditions of freedom. ItsRead MoreAbraham Lincoln And The Fourteenth Amendment1431 Words   |  6 PagesNeither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction. Formally abolishing slavery in the United States, the 13th Amendment was passed by the Congress on January 31, 1865, and ratified by the states on December 6, 1865. This amendment was unique and different from the other amendments which are the 14th and 15th. The 13th amendment abolished slaveryRead MoreUse of Imagery and Figurative Language i n â€Å"Facing It† by Yusef Komunyakaa1031 Words   |  5 Pagesparticular, Andrew Johnson, that has important meaning for several reasons. As soon as he touches the name the speaker sees â€Å"the booby trap’s white flash† (line 18). There is a very personal connection to this Andrew Johnson as he is from the same hometown of Yusef (Poetry Foundation). But, more importantly, this person also shares his name with the 17th president of The United States Andrew Johnson. From history we learn that this president succeeded Lincoln. 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Negotiated Order Free Essays

: â€Å"The Negotiated Order of organizational Reliability. †| | Watson (2008), â€Å"Organizational rules and hierarchies play a part of in the patterning of life in organizations but the overall organizational order is one that emerges out of the process whereby different groups make use of rules, procedures and information in the day- to-day negotiations that occur between them about what is about to happen in any given situation at any particular time. Paul Schulman, in his writings on the Diablo Canyon nuclear power plant unfolded the different aspects of management step by step showing how organization rules, hierarchies and cultures affect the efficacy of the plant. We will write a custom essay sample on Negotiated Order or any similar topic only for you Order Now At the beginning of the article ‘The negotiated order of organizational reliability’, Schulman (1993) delves into the realm of both the worker and manager by introducing and further conceptualizing the idea of â€Å"slack†. He expounds the link of this concept, of slack by breaking it down into two varieties. Firstly â€Å"resource slack, in time money, personnel†¦can be viewed negatively as a nonproductive inefficiency in the organization, a suboptimal allocation of available means to desired ends. † This concept outlined inherently speaks to the idea of Taylor’s ‘systematic soldiering’, where Taylor explains this notion as â€Å" employee’s deliberate attempt to restrict output and still get maximum reward without tempting management to come back and tighten the rate. † The second aspect of slack zeroed in on is that of control slack. Despite the negative connotation of the word slack in essence from an industrial sociology standpoint can be viewed positively as a way to move away from a scientific management approach which helps to break down a centralized bureaucratic authority. Shulman’s aim on the paper being discussed is generally focused on the idea of organization function and efficacy and reliability from workers. One such way of doing such was by the work environment, the article outlined a quite detailed description of the surroundings of the plant; the Diablo Canyon nuclear plant is located on acres of beautiful farm land with beef cattle and crops on the way. Parker in his book Sociology of Industry (2005), noted from the Hawthorne studies conducted that environmental factors played a key role on motivating workers behavior. Industrial sociology would pinpoint the strategic effort places on environment to be all part of management’s way of motivating or just keeping workers happy. The author highlights a clear division of labor as well as support groups, separate departments to handle each problem example Safety and Emergency Services department as well as Safety Review groups, fire Marshalls, hygienists. This inherently shows the rigid bureaucratic structure eminent at the firm with each specific group having a designed task to take care of. Workers jobs are monitored via quality assurance who reports to the vice president of utility. He shows that the firm as well maintains a level of compliance when it comes to specific standards. Most importantly when it comes to employee interaction and say on the job, what separates this firm from a scientific management style is the fact that they have weekly meeting which inherently allow employees to be a part of the firm as well as support group for workers. Schulman highlights in his research that despite the high levels of specialization and organization there is pressure to â€Å"formalize† tasks and as a result there are some â€Å"established norms for operations—not formally but informally. † These norms the writer ties into the title of the article negotiated order which he highlighted there is at the firm however it was difficult to actually point out except with the case of improper communication between the day and night supervisor who did not tell each other about changes that were made. In all the case of Diablo canyon managers aim to diminish slack and gain maximum safe levels of performance, they have implemented formalized standardize hierarchical structures which help inherently promote cultures desirable for the organization as they saw that were arrogant were not seen as an ideal worker as well the internal polity had a system of somewhat overlapping powers thus decreasing centrality. Analyzing this piece from an industrial sociology standpoint brings up many issues. Firstly Schulman fails to show how really employees are motivated at Diablo Canyon. Despite all the programmes and meetings put in place there is no clear indicator of how the employee is in fact motivated. The author centralizes on management and management functions, and measures they put in place. His main issue of concern as mentioned prior was efficiency on the light of the manager’s perspective of the firm. A lot of the paper went on to â€Å"sort out units†, separate different part of the organization and highlight their role. For example there is a â€Å" Plant Staff review committee that meets weekly to approve procedural modification and design changes, as well as a Technical review group† , showing that management takes high level of importance in quality and control. With all these groups especially support groups and safety groups it acts as a motivator to workers. Thus here we can say that there is even though not mentioned by the author some sort of motivation taking place by implementation of these groups. Looking at the Pychologistic side in management, we see that Maslow (1954) believed that scientific management should be revamped and remodeled to and â€Å"centered on releasing people’s potential at various levels† Maslow designed and put forth a model he called the â€Å"Hierarchy of needs† in which he outlines various levels of motivation for workers. At the Diablo canyon we see that workers are motivated on the second as well as some evidence of third level, which are safety needs and love needs respectively. Especially safety needs with all the inspection units, the Onsite Planning Engineering Group for example â€Å"engineered to verify activities are performed properly and looks over general safety of the plant as well as looks over equipment modification. † Worth mention is the comparison the author makes to a study entitle â€Å"The Hospital and it’s Negotiated order† (Strauss, Schatzman, Ehrlic, Bucher and Sabsin (1963) described what the write states as a â€Å"complex pattern of reciprocal yet unstated agreements† between hospital staff. Schulman clearly highlights as part of his issue that the aforementioned phenomenon of negotiated order which was brought forth by the Interactionist School in industrial sociology can in fact be observed within the plant. â€Å" not only are a range of informal interorganizational agreements observable, their negotiation and continual renewal are recognized and embraced formally in the organization†. Here one clearly understands that yes there is an existence of negotiated order however he fails to impact on its existence on the plant here at large. Instead he seems to bring out the idea of a more Durkheimian strand of groups and the importance of formal and informal groups at the workplace. Tony Watson (2008) highlights a case which can mirror a comparison with the idea of groups. A researcher found that within two departments that the department with a higher level of social solidarity, were more bonded with similar experiences, and just had a group or community type setting. Thus it lends the reader to ask whether or not the managers at the firm aimed to bring out such factors and create a motivator in and of itself out of the groups. Schulman (1993), shows the reader that â€Å"A new agreement had been negotiated between the Radiation protection officer and the night shift foreman to make minor modification in the design of scaffolding† however it was found that the night shift foreman failed to make mention to the day foreman. There is not sufficient evidence to show whether or not as well this could have been a case of negotiated order and they made the decision unknowing to the day because of their own benefits, as the day foreman did complain: â€Å"They are changing the rules in the middle of the game†. However the author shows how swiftly management resolves such an issue. Here management worked hard to ensure everything was cleared up and he states to â€Å"restore amicable relations between the two departments†. Therefore one can imply that at Diablo Canyon there is a focus of cohesion and agreement among the firm which takes a bit away from the scientific management realm that Taylor would talk about. Trust is a vital cohesive unit and this is brought about by as well the decentralization and separation of powers at the plant, again moving focus away from a manager centric role, at the plant there seems to be more of a worker oriented feel to an extent. This may be so whereby there are efforts to have weekly meetings hearing employee feedback as well as the breaking down of roles within the organization despite the rigid bureaucratic structure there is some flexibility which lends back to the point at the beginning of the paper by Schulman when he mentions â€Å"control slack†. To further contribute to the writing of Schulman using the thoughts and concepts akin to that of Industrial sociology, first to delve more into the issue of negotiated order as it relates to â€Å"slack†. A firm like Diablo Canyon can easily fall susceptible to unhappy workers, due to the type of environment managers ought to look out for informal social groups. While mention of it was made, looking at Durkheim’s analysis on social groups and how it impacts on a firm. In addition because of the environment being a plant and having a somewhat scientific management style, the writer should have paid more particular attention to aspects of worker interaction and their feel of the job. Issues such as Deskilling and alienation of workers, how can a reader be sure that workers do not feel totally dissatisfied with their jobs. Watson (2008) brings forth the idea of Marx’s notion of alienation, whereby a worker because the monotonous nature of his job may start feeling estranged. One might argue that the mere groups and weekly meetings counter the feelings of estrangement and instead due to technology highlighted in the plant may be akin to Braverman’s (1974) idea of up skilling. The level of equipment highlighted needs a certain amount of skill even at the lowest level thus separating the workers of Diablo plant from a normal processing plant that may require much less skill. The entire focus of the writer delves into the aspect of as mentioned throughout efficiency of the worker this is achieved via motivation principles through groups and safety. The writer shows how management even though having a strong, rigid bureaucratic structure allows some control slack as well as the large number of informal groups may impact on negotiated order and other minor work disputes however due to the set of the organization these such disagreements are quickly dissolved and rectified. However the writer from an industrial sociologist standpoint failed to take in key considerations since it is a plant, issues such as alienation, deskilling could have been more addressed as well as more emphasis could have been put into the notion of negotiated order. Works Cited Parker, S. R. , R. K. Brown, Child J, and M. A. Smith. The Sociology of Industry fourth edition. London: Unwin Hyman, 2005. Schulman, Paul R. â€Å"The Negotiated Order of Organizational Reliability. Administration and Society 25. 3, 1993: 353+. Watson, Tony J. Sociology, Work and Indistry 5th edition. NewYork: Routledge, 2008. ——————————————– [ 1 ]. Watson, Tony J. Sociology, Work and Industry 5th edition. NewYork: Routledge, 2008. pgs 49-50 [ 2 ]. Schulman, Paul R. â€Å"The Negotiated Order of Organizational Reliability. † Administration and Society 25. 3, 1993: 353+. [ 3 ]. Watson, Tony J. So ciology, Work and Indistry 5th edition. NewYork: Routledge, 2008. pg. 3 [ 4 ]. Schulman, Paul R. â€Å"The Negotiated Order of Organizational Reliability. † Administration and Society 25. 3, 1993: 353+. [ 5 ]. Watson, Tony J. Sociology, Work and Indistry 5th edition. NewYork: Routledge, 2008. [ 6 ]. Schulman, Paul R. â€Å"The Negotiated Order of Organizational Reliability. † Administration and Society 25. 3, 1993: 353+. [ 7 ]. ibid [ 8 ]. Schulman, Paul R. â€Å"The Negotiated Order of Organizational Reliability. † Administration and Society 25. 3, 1993: 353+. [ 9 ]. ibid How to cite Negotiated Order, Essay examples

Leadership Potential Skill

Question: Consider a speaker or presenter that you saw recently, and whose performance made you want to tell your colleagues or friends about it. Consider the following questions: How long was the session? What was it that caught and held your attention? Was there a slide or video component as part of the presentation? If so, what factor did it play in how well you enjoyed the session? Answer: Introduction: One of the primary anticipation from a speaker is the potential skill of leadership. According to Winston Churchill, it can be said, that- I see it is said that leaders should keep their ears to the ground. (Aarts et al. 2013). The best communication skills of a leader must include the respective approaches: 1) To know the need of the audience, normal speakers just deliver information, but a potential speaker inspire, enlighten, and deliver the information to a ground level. 2) To have a clear and consistency in the message which the leader has to deliver to his audience with potentiality and it should be compelling too. 3) To develop a powerful voice with uniqueness, which is not be confused with the volume or even beautiful resonance. 4) Use of effective communication skills with effective delivery (Pilet et al. 2014).Discussion:I have come across such a potential leader and speaker in Canada, Lester B Pearson, who was initially the deputy minister of external affairs, minister of external affairs, leader of the Liberal Part and former Prime Minister from 1963 to 1968 respectively. He was the first Canadian prime minister. I have gone though a speaking session of Mr. Lester B Pearson of about 7:33 minutes where he has deliberately delivered his agendas to an interview (Vid, 2012). I am surprised to view splendid communications of this political leader, who have overcome the stipulated facts and the stereotypic rules and priorities of the audiences. The referenced speech of Mr. Lester B Pearson was taken at a stage when he was brutally fighting with his last stages of cancer. The communication session was delivered in October of the year 1972, where he mentioned about his condition in which he could pass away at the end of December. The high spirit and the intellectuality within him were still not finished. In another communication ceremony, he has spoken of his overall view on his long career in the field of politics and the ups and downs he had gone through in his life. The government of the society was one his priority in the talk. He had the potential to represent Canada to abroad and can lead the country just after the United States of America (Dror 2014). The most interesting part of his speech was how he managed the situations and overcame the problems was a major thing to salute. He did not use any extra videos to elaborate his talk. His communication skills with the audiences include all the facts which I think to suppose to be the most relevant facts that a leader and a speaker should possess. The way of delivering his facts and information to his audiences comprises with peace and humbleness. The most important thing which impressed me about his speech is the way he explained about the government and improving the society of Canada. The country would undergo huge progress if he stayed as a leader for some more periods (Mackay et al. 2015). Conclusion: I have always been a fond of stage speakers, as I enjoy the presentations of the leaders in their different ways. The language, communication skills, speech delivery, intellectuality influence me to be interested in the communication of the leader with high speaking capacity. The speech remains in my mind, as a momentum which helps to make clear perspective in my life. References: Aarts, K., Blais, A. and Schmitt, H. eds., 2013. Political leaders and democratic elections. OUP Oxford.Dror, Y., 2014. Priming political leaders for fateful choices. Meunarodne studije- asopis za meunarodne odnose, vanjsku politiku i diplomaciju,14(3/4), pp.98-108.Mackay, D.J.B., 2015. The Evolution of Canadian Diplomacy towards the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict.Pilet, J.B. and Cross, W., 2014. The selection of political party leaders in contemporary parliamentary democracies: a comparative study (Vol. 4). Routledge.Vid, Fed. "Lester Pearson Interview". www.youtube.com. N.p., 2012. Web. 23 May 2016.